Free Will and Determinism Views Essay -- Free Will, Determinism

The aim of this essay is to prove the reliability of and why Libertarianism is the most coherent of the three Free Will and Determinism views. It refers to the idea of human free will being true, that one is not determined, and therefore, they are morally responsible. In response to the quote on the essay, I am disagreeing with Wolf. This essay will be further strengthened with the help of such authors as C.A. Campell, R. Taylor and R.M. Chisholm. They present similar arguments, which essentially demonstrate that one could have done otherwise and one is the sole author of the volition. I will present the three most common arguments in support of Libertarianism, present an objection against Libertarianism and attempt to rebut it as well as reject one main argument from the other views. As a result, this essay will prove that one is held morally responsibly for any act that was performed or chosen by them, which qualify as a human act. The Libertarian view contends that one’s actions are not predetermined but rather that people have free will, a precondition for moral responsibility. Basically, human acts are not determined by antecedent causes. Libertarianism is one of the views under Incompatibilism along with Hard Determinism. The opposite of these views is Compatibilism. An example of Libertarianism is: right now, one has the choice to either stop or continue reading this essay. Under this claim, the fact that one can choose between either is not determined one way or the other. Campbell’s view on Libertarianism is quite simple. He suggests that one needs to judge people by their inner acts or intentions to understand free will. To have freedom one must have a precondition of moral responsibility as well as a categorical ana... ...ime or space. Nevertheless, as I stated earlier, for something to be determined I believe that God is required. So, by saying that one needs to eliminate a God and other requirements to have free will, then one falsifies determinism, thus making this view incorrect. All in all, each view about the philosophy of free will and determinism has many propositions, objections and counter-objections. In this essay, I have shown the best propositions for Libertarianism, as well as one opposition for it which I gave a counter-objection. Additionally, I have explained the Compatabalistic and Hard Deterministic views to which I gave objections. In the end, whether it is determinism or indeterminism, both are loaded with difficulties. Nonetheless, I have provided the best explanation for free will, determinism and to the agent being morally responsible for their human actions.

Food Inc Evaluation Paper

Diversification Economy in Las Vegas â€Å"Las Vegas is lagging behind many cities in the recovery because we were in much worse shape than most cities,† David Christianson, who is a TCA 449 professor in University of Nevada, Las Vegas who is a knowledgeable international tourism professor said so in my personal interview, â€Å"Since we are a mono economy, any kind of diversification would be helpful. † The dominating economy in Las Vegas are from gaming, tourism, convention and meeting, which then could support and develop the restaurant industry. Therefore, the economy of Las Vegas needs diversification to develop deeply.The economy of Las Vegas relies on consumer spending; however it has not yet recovered since the economic crisis in 2008, this is due to that this city relies so much on discretionary spending which lead to the result that its recovery will be slower than the rest of the country. For this reason, Las Vegas needs diversification economy moreover needs to seek some environmental-friendly industries that will not bring burden to the gambling town environment. Diversification economy wills bring more profit, government revenues, export income and employment.Many people said that tough Las Vegas need diversification economy, there is no industry fit for Las Vegas. They think if we want to set up new industry in Las Vegas will cost much money and get a little bit benefit. Anyway, the diversification economy is the best way to annihilate poverty. The diversification economy in Las Vegas can bring many benefits. The first thing can increase economy. The social development pattern let us know the growth of economy is not everything gets development, but it is the heart of development.The economy development is the best way to solve unemployment crisis, it can provide more job for people, at the same time, and people can get higher salary. People have money will promote the consumption level. Moreover, it is means higher tax rate. Becaus e of higher tax rate, the government will have more budgets. Therefore, people will have better hospital, better university, and better public utility. And also the government will promote the development of infrastructure and manufacturing.Someone will say lots of investment can increase economy, but this is not a persistent thing. We know that the American housing crisis is a negative example. If we want to make our Las Vegas become rich city must set up some real industry can make money for Las Vegas, according to Henny, from his essay â€Å"China land price fall threatens local finances†, he said most small cities, poor cities, they lack of diversification economy. The heart of development is economy, if we don’t have a good economy how we can develop entertainment, education, and tourist industry.Chinese always say economy is the foundation of a large building, if the foundation not good, the building will collapse, when the building collapsed if we want to rebuil d it, we need pay more money and attention to rebuild it. It is the reason why the Chinese increase rapidly. Diversification economy in Las Vegas can promote the equity among people. Diversification economy brings many job and higher salary. Therefore, the gap between rich and poor will be shortened. Moreover, it will promote the benign competition. The equity can create a good social environment in Las Vegas.It will reduce crime, less beggar and also make people have a better situation in heart. The happiness will at a high level in Las Vegas. According to the UN general secretary Ban Ki moon in World Day of Social Justice in 20 Feb 2011 what he said is social equity not only the ethic, but also it is groundwork of social and country’s prosperity. We cannot ignore benefit of equity in diversification economy. If there is high quality equity in Las Vegas, the right of culture, political, economy and education will get better protection. In other words the equity is the founda tion of harmony.The diversification economy also brings the stability. Firstly, is the social stability, the high unemployment in Las Vegas could cause seriously threat to social stability. Consequently, Las Vegas should build more industry reduce the unemployment rate. Chinese think about the 8 percent economic growth is the best rate to protect the social stability. Secondly, is the economic stability, Las Vegas only rely on the hospitality industry, it is not stability. Like above mentioned, Macao is exceed Las Vegas in hospitality industry recent years.On the other hand, hospitality has off season, when the off season comes, what can support economy in Las Vegas? In order to let us Las Vegas being alive, Las Vegas needs more different industry to support the economy, it is insurance for long term economic development. Las Vegas diversification economy will promote production capacity. If Las Vegas has diversification economy, there are many industries and factories, the quantity of products will increase. Meanwhile at the same time, Las Vegas will have more contribution for GDP in United Stated. It is means Las Vegas will have more budgets and expand the ity scale. I remembered I learned the definition of production capacity in my Chinese high school is that the ability of human beings to change the nature. If we have diversification economy in Las Vegas we will have a stronger ability to change the nature, we can use more nature resource make more products for the human beings society in the new industry and factory in Las Vegas. As you see, the production capacity which bring by diversification economy can be ignored. It is also a big benefit. The last benefit is widely known, of course, it is the employment opportunities.The diversification economy will bring many new industry and new factory in Las Vegas. Therefore, there are many new job opportunities for people in Las Vegas. On other hand, Las Vegas will attract many people come from all over the wor ld to find a good job and settled down in Las Vegas. It will promote Las Vegas become a larger city, if many people settled down in Las Vegas and work in Las Vegas. We always heard something like this we improve the employment rate this year from news or government report, but did you ever think about that what bring many employment opportunity?This is based on many new industries and new factories and then brings many employment opportunities. This is a simple principle, but always ignored by people. According to the â€Å"Report: Las Vegas needs to diversify export economy† written by Robison who is a famous author in Las Vegas Review Journal, The total export in Las Vegas is about 7 billion dollars and in the growing of export at position twelfth at time between 2003 and 2008 among 100 biggest cities in United Stated.Las Vegas is number 72nd among 100 biggest cities GDP, the contribution is almost 8percent in the total GDP of 100 biggest cites in United Stated. But the peo ple who live in Las Vegas, try know they should do something to save Las Vegas, they know Macao have more gambling scale than Las Vegas, Las Vegas is not yet gambling first place in the world. Therefore, people should think about to built a new industry to support the large city. Las Vegas needs to diversification economy urgently. I studied in Seattle for one year. In my eyes, the diversification economy in Seattle is very successful.For example, a lot of big companies in Seattle like Boeing and Microsoft. The big companies contribute for GDP have a great influence. According to Brad Smith who is general counsel in Microsoft said that employment contributed by Microsoft around 29 percent in Washington State in past twenty years. There are many industry in Seattle is very good. All I know that aerospace industry, information technology industry, bioscience industry, cleans technology, environmental industry and international trade in Seattle are the outstanding industries.In Las Veg as, we also can learn from Seattle, we should have some outstanding industries beside hospitality industry. If we have many great industries, we need more talents. Therefore, we will have good education in university. Seattle has a university named University of Washington; this university is a great university in the world. If we have diversification economy in Las Vegas the UNLV not just good at the hospitality major. Another example I want to compare with Las Vegas is Detroit. Long time ago Detroit named â€Å"America’s Paris† because in this city have many Gilded age building.Today, based on my sociology what I learned in Green River Community College, the pillar industry in Detroit include auto industry, iron and steel industry, airplane and tank industry, chemistry industry, metal industry, wood industry and shipping industry. But all the industries in Detroit are based on auto industry, this is a typical city which one is Las Vegas should to learn. We can set up many industries around our hospitality industry. In this way, we still the casino city and we have many industries to support the city.Sooner or later, we will defeat Macao and become the best hospitality city again with our strong economic power from our diversification economy. There is a company named City Center based on the hospitality industry to develop the high technology. They invented a kind of automatic door and plan to install this door for every guest room; moreover they use automatic technology on TV and many devices in guest rooms (CityCenter, Robison). Many company can leaned from City Center to develop the high technology for Las Vegas, for example we can use robots to cook food for customer and clean the guest rooms.If we have the hotel robots industry we can have more employment opportunities and we can sell the hotel robots for hotel. City Center also have a stone pit, they use the stone to build hotel. (CityCenter, Robinson) We can see many nature stone around Las Vegas we can use those stone make money. What industry is fit for Las Vegas? Firstly, the solar power generation is best one. We know Las Vegas has solar power generation already, but it is not enough. If the solar power can support the electric power of whole city, and also has surplus power to sell for other city, other states and even other country.Secondly, stone and mining industry. The countless nature stone around Las Vegas, this is the fortune of Las Vegas. We can mine the stone and use it build our hotel and also we can sell stone for other state and other country. Thirdly, the high technology is other good industry. We are in America, the high technology country in the world. We should take advantage of our high technology which we already have, and create new high technology to benefit people in Las Vegas. The last thing is the professional sport team.If we have professional sport team not only we can make money from sport game, but also we can make money from our spo rt team clothes, cap, cup and so on. In conclusion, the benefit of diversification economy in Las Vegas cannot be ignored. It is not just the economy benefit more over is sustainable development in Las Vegas. People need better life and stable life. If we have diversification economy, the education, medical treatment, and welfare system will have a great improvement. Therefore, we must have diversification economy in Las Vegas.

Business Administration Goals Essay

The world of business is one of the most complex yet interesting fields that an aspiring professional may dwell into. Business can turn a poor man into a tycoon just by venturing to franchise, invent a new device or work for a million-dollar company. Even though business may sometimes scare other individuals, it is also the very reason why others strive hard to be a part of the fast-moving commerce elites. As mentioned, it makes great impact to a person’s life. Hence, not all who took the risk was able to succeed, if business is not administered in the most effective way—it could cost a person a lifetime in paying debts. Conceivably, I belong to the group of aspiring individuals who dreams of having a company that will change lives of other people. Even though I am aware of the risks of petitioning myself to the lives of the privileged, I am whole-heartedly stepping forward to pursue my dream. My sole ambition is to serve the public with grace and wit—make ethical decisions and sustain financial stability—but before all that, I know I must be able to hone myself in becoming one. Success does not happen overnight. It requires determination and the right education to build an empire of assets. My dad is a business man. I grew up knowing that being a businessman means being a leader. It does not necessarily mean that I need to have constituents to lead, but that I need to be decisive. My father always told me that business tycoons who failed in the industry were nothing but greedy individuals who does not know a thing or two in making decisions—the ethical ones. Since then I promised to myself that I will be a leader who knows how to lead well. A person anchored not only with tangible assets but with knowledge. Entering college served as a crossroad for my dreams. I was torn between engineering and business. Most of my friends in high school encouraged me to enroll with engineering courses. For a while I was dumbfounded with the thought that neither of my friends wanted to become leaders of tomorrow—own a construction company per se. But my instinct was racing through my veins, as I turn every magazine that featured the finest business tycoons in the country, my heart pounded. I then knew I wanted to be like them. It was a field that I grew up with and it will be what I shall pursue. I had my degree in business administration. The goal that made me pursue my dream was a manifestation of my confidence. The training that I have received inside the walls of the classroom and off to the real world brought out the entrepreneur in me. During my academic years, my mentors taught me how to manage a business entity—the aptitude in solving problems which are based on the comprehension of tools, concepts, and theories of functional business disciplines. Aside from that, it is through education that I acquired the capability to excel functional borders, fusing and integrating information to create multifaceted, short-term decisions with limited data. Education has served me well in honing myself in becoming a capitalist of the 21st century. It was through commencing and conducting researches and divulge in competitive analysis that I was able to apply the strategies that I learnt. I realized that environmental scanning is necessary for long-term strategic decisions. To effectively harness and utilize the dawning of technology and employ such in the most deliberate manner was a mean of keeping one’s game alive. Competition is tight in the business arena. Each player must be prepared and must have forecasting methods to stay in the game. My goal is to enrich my knowledge on these fields which I know are beneficial for my future career. Every individual have a set of goals. Mine only happens not only to be a goal but also a dream that I have long wished to hold a grasp of. I want to improve the knowledge and skills that I have acquired in my tertiary years. I humbly believe that there is more to learn. Given the fact that I am determined to run a company that will provide employment for the underprivileged, I know I need to be equipped with the capacity to balance finances and be armed with managerial skills. In the light, I am optimistic that I will succeed. Every single lesson will help me in the future and possibly help others. I do not only wish to keep the knowledge that I have for myself but I also intend to share these with other aspirants—to help the next generation in raising the economy of the country. Globalization has expanded the face of business in the society. I consider every country an asset as new ordeals shall be discovered. Thus to be able to handle this massive weight of transactions I must learn the twists of every nation’s economy and become skilled at risk management. I am preparing myself for the worst. As mentioned earlier, anything can happen. Although quite on the contrary, I envision myself breaking boundaries. My goal now is to defy the trend of risk-taking; that given the efficient strategies, a blooming entrepreneur will not fail. Individuals who still believe in the necessity of the discipline of business administration to address real world, value laden issues would gain a foothold and began the long climb back to a place in the sun. As modularity becomes an established way of doing business, competition among fresh and old dogs in business will intensify. Nevertheless the society will look for the best-performing or lowest cost goods and services, spurring these increasingly sophisticated and independent suppliers into a race for innovation. The world is full of possibilities, they say. Therefore there is a spark of hope in the goals I have set. I may sound too idealistic in this sense but I am looking on the bright side. I will make my parents proud. I will reach my goals—no matter how tough the ride gets.

Is Britain a Class-Ridden Society Essay

Social classes can be defined by a group of persons sharing a similar social position and certain economic, political, and cultural characteristics. A class-ridden society is a term used by sociologists to describe a society which is ruled by social classes. As for the British society, it is considered as a division in three main classes : the upper class, the middle class and the lower or working class. Therefore, in the past few decades, the economy has changed and so has Britain. Then, can we consider Britain as a class-ridden society? Historically, in Britain, everything was depending on the class we were into. According to our language, our accent, the education we received from our family, our interests, etc, we were placed in a particular social class. Then, things like relationships, jobs, occupations varied from the class we were into. This phenomenon has existed in every country but it was more or less the same as in Britain. The novelist George Orwell said that this country was â€Å"the most class-ridden country under the sun†. Indeed, unlike France, Britain was still governed by the aristocracy in the 19th. The wealthy ones were the elite and didn’t leave much place for other classes. Although the aristocratic power had declined in the 19th and 20th centuries, the distinction between social classes is still in everyone’s mind. Even if the social classes and especially the differences between them have existed for a long time now, new classes have emerged time after time. For instance, with the Industrial Revolution, the term â€Å"working class† has appeared as well as the term â€Å"middle-class†. Nowadays, things have changed. With the economic globalization, the immigration and the development of multiculturalism we have learned how to live with each other, whatever the background, the education and the social status. So the real question would be : has Britain evolved or has it remained the same class-ridden society? To conclude, that question cannot be answered because Britain being a class-ridden society is in the British culture though there has been an evolution in everyone’s mind about that concept.

Stock Market and Economy of Nigeria Research Paper

Stock Market and Economy of Nigeria - Research Paper Example Several effects of financial and stock market development on gross National product, Gross domestic development and Employment rate shall be used to establish the relationship. Excluding South Africa, Nigeria has the largest economy in sub-Sahara Africa. In the last two decades ,there has been no progress made in alleviating poverty, expanding and enhancing economic development despite the massive effort made and the many programmes established for that purpose's growth pattern of the Nigerian economy has been quite sluggish over the last two decades. The level of poverty is further exuberated by the pandemic of inequality. The economic performance has had a mixture as the macro-economy environment has witnessed positive and negative influences. Even though several programmes have been aimed at consolidating the arrangement for private sector -led economic growth and government demonstrated a commitment to implementing the privatization programme and improving major infrastructure, the realization of this goal could be met because of the disparity in monetary and fiscal policies. There has been marked improvement in power supply and the privatization of the telecommunications sector among, stimulated economic activities. But the economy has been unable to take fuel advantage of the development, as interest rate and inflation have continued to raise in response to high government spending and subsequent liquidity control measures. High interest rates during a period of time have attracted funs away from the stock market and constrained corporate access to working capital. Nevertheless the exchange rate has been relatively stable facilitating, planning and budget control for companies with high import content. For some time now, the Nigeria stock Exchange has recorded a major turnover growth, in 2001,the market turnover increasing by 104.9% from N28.1billion in 2000 to N57.6billion.In value terms, this is by for highest annual turnover growth of the exchange since also have increased both in primary and secondary market has been realized. In the stock capitalization in the total market value of 261 securities listed on the Nigeria stock Exchange appreciated by 40% to the end of 2001 at N662.6 billon. A combination of supplementary issue and price appreciation in the equities sector accounted for much of the growth in market capitalization. By the end of 2001 the Nigeria Stock Exchange share index grew by 35.2% to close the year at 10,963.11.Remarkably,the index had on 10th may 2001 crossed the 10000 points mark, And on 17th October 2001 reached all time high of 11,339.67 before dropping to its year end position. In lieu of the ever increasing favorable condition bestowed on the Nigeria economy, since the inception of democracy in May 1999, foreign investors continued to invest in Nigeria through the Nigerian stock exchange. The returns of the foreign portfolio transaction are soaring higher. The Nigerian stock exchange has remained focused on improving market infrastructure, expanding market investor base, and consolidating the global

Marketing Mix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing Mix - Essay Example McDonalds has a well-established advertising setup in various media like print, TV, internet, etc. Using these media to promote the low fat blueberry muffin would be prudent. TG 1: The office goers are perennially facing a crunch of time and they find it difficult to squeeze in time for fitness regimes. Taking into account this fact a promotion in print media stating â€Å"Did you do your 30 min workout this morning?† would leave them with a leading question. Follow this up with â€Å"If not? No problem, McDonalds can help!† Mentioning the benefits of having blueberry hence coaxing them to try low fat blueberry muffin, mention you can at least take care of your body by eating healthy. Similar radio and email campaigns can run parallel to the print. TG 2: The women in the age group of 20-45 years constantly strive to eat food with fewer calories so that they can get slim or stay that way. Billboards saying â€Å"At McDonalds you can keep those extra calories away† Low fat blueberry muffins are a perfect dessert option for those with a sweet

Should drinking age be lowered to 18 like in Europe Essay

Should drinking age be lowered to 18 like in Europe - Essay Example Those speaking against reducing the drinking age support drinking in exceptional cases, such as drinking in home environment, drinking under adult guidance, for medical needs, and other similar reasons. Those who favor reducing the age bar to 18 years, the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) from 21, counter that it has not helped teen drinking. On the contrary, it has encouraged binge drinking in private and risky surroundings, causing health and life-threatening conduct by youngsters (Procon.org 1). Just because the European drinking age is 18 years, Americans should also follow them is not a logical argument in itself. Relatively to the European countries’ teenagers’ drinking pattern, the American teenagers’ rate of drinking is lower. The American teenagers’ rate of consuming alcohol or binge drinking is similar or lesser than their European counterparts. Negative effects of increased rate of alcohol intake and binge drinking have been reported in less than 13 years old teenagers as well, which leads to the logical factor of not reducing the age bar from 21 to 18 years (Procon.org 1). Another logical argument against reducing the drinking age bar is that MLDA 21 assists teenagers to control binge drinking. Binge drinking habit is at the highest among 21- to 25-year-olds at 45.9%. Comparing this rate with that of the 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, and 18-20 age-groups, their binge drinking rates are 1.5%, 7.8%, 19.4%, and 35.7% respectively, which are relatively very lower. Considering the legal aspect, the MLDA 21 laws help in downsizing the number of drinkers below the legal drinking age. It has been observed that since 1984 when maximum numbers of MLDA 21laws were promulgated, the percentage of below-age alcohol consumption has reduced. Research has also pointed that when the alcohol consumption age is 21; those below this age consume less alcohol, and make it a habit to consume less alcohol across their